Certified in Healthcare Privacy and Security (CHPS) Practice

Two-factor authentication (2FA) enhances security by requiring two different forms of verification before granting access to an account. The correct answer, which includes a fingerprint and a token, exemplifies this principle effectively.

This method uses something you are (fingerprint) and something you have (token), ensuring that access is granted only when both factors are provided. This dual requirement significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access, as it would be far more difficult for an attacker to possess both the physical token and the biometric identifier of a fingerprint.

In contrast, the other options typically involve only one factor that relies on knowledge or possession alone, thus not meeting the 2FA criteria. For example, a username and password are both knowledge-based and do not incorporate a second verification method. Similarly, a security question and PIN rely on information already known to the user, while an email confirmation and password also represent a single factor of identity verification through knowledge. Therefore, the option involving fingerprint and token exemplifies the essential concept of combining two distinct forms of authentication for enhanced security.